Testing Intelligent Design

ID is based on three premises and the inference that follows (DeWolf et al., Darwinism, Design and Public Education, pg. 92):

1) High information content (or specified complexity) and irreducible complexity constitute strong indicators or hallmarks of (past) intelligent design.

2) Biological systems have a high information content (or specified complexity) and utilize subsystems that manifest irreducible complexity.

3) Naturalistic mechanisms or undirected causes do not suffice to explain the origin of information (specified complexity) or irreducible complexity.

4) Therefore, intelligent design constitutes the best explanations for the origin of information and irreducible complexity in biological systems.

So to falsify ID all you have to do is show that undirected causes such as natural selection and drift can produce CSI and/ or IC.

The positive case can be simplified by:

Our ability to be confident of the design of the cilium or intracellular transport rests on the same principles to be confident of the design of anything: theordering of separate components to achieve an identifiable function that depends sharply on the components.- Behe in “Darwin’s Black Box”

 

” Might there be some as-yet-undiscovered natural process that would explain biochemical complexity? No one would be foolish enough to categorically deny the possibility. Nonetheless, we can say that if there is such a process, no one has a clue how it would work. Further, it would go against all human experience, like postulating that a natural process might explain computers.” Ibid

The positive case for ID is very similar to the positive case for archaeology and forensic science- we look for signs of work and/ or counterflow.

Dr Behe responds to some critics:

Now, one can’t have it both ways. One can’t say both that ID is unfalsifiable (or untestable) and that there is evidence against it. Either it is unfalsifiable and floats serenely beyond experimental reproach, or it can be criticized on the basis of our observations and is therefore testable. The fact that critical reviewers advance scientific arguments against ID (whether successfully or not) shows that intelligent design is indeed falsifiable.

In fact, my argument for intelligent design is open to direct experimental rebuttal. Here is a thought experiment that makes the point clear. In Darwin’s Black Box (Behe 1996) I claimed that the bacterial flagellum was irreducibly complex and so required deliberate intelligent design. The flip side of this claim is that the flagellum can’t be produced by natural selection acting on random mutation, or any other unintelligent process. To falsify such a claim, a scientist could go into the laboratory, place a bacterial species lacking a flagellum under some selective pressure (for mobility, say), grow it for ten thousand generations, and see if a flagellum–or any equally complex system–was produced. If that happened, my claims would be neatly disproven.(1)

How about Professor Coyne’s concern that, if one system were shown to be the result of natural selection, proponents of ID could just claim that some other system was designed? I think the objection has little force. If natural selection were shown to be capable of producing a system of a certain degree of complexity, then the assumption would be that it could produce any other system of an equal or lesser degree of complexity. If Coyne demonstrated that the flagellum (which requires approximately forty gene products) could be produced by selection, I would be rather foolish to then assert that the blood clotting system (which consists of about twenty proteins) required intelligent design.

Let’s turn the tables and ask, how could one falsify the claim that, say, the bacterial flagellum was produced by Darwinian processes?

Even the explanatory filter demands a positive case for ID- one of specification on top of the elimination of necessity and chance. And the elimination of necessity and chance before considering a design inference is mandated by science- see Newton’s four rules of scientific reasoning.

“Thus, Behe concludes on the basis of our knowledge of present cause-and-effect relationships (in accord with the standard uniformitarian method employed in the historical sciences) that the molecular machines and complex systems we observe in cells can be best explained as the result of an intelligent cause.


In brief, molecular motors
appear designed because they were designed” Pg. 72 of Darwinism, Design and Public Education

Cause and effect relationships-> science 101.

611 thoughts on “Testing Intelligent Design

  1. Classic ‘painted myself into a corner’ behavior. Joe makes things up, unsupported by fact.

  2. Richardthughes,

    James Shapiro, “Evolution A View from the 21st Century”- the internal mechanism is its internal design.

    Again you have all the power to refute that claim and yet you can’t. And that is very telling

  3. Frankie: What part of “I explained” don’t you understand?

    The part you can’t show where you actually explained anything.

  4. Frankie: What part of “I explained” don’t you understand?

    The missing bit where you claim you produced an explanation.

  5. Frankie:
    Richardthughes,

    James Shapiro, “Evolution A View from the 21st Century”- the internal mechanism is its internal design.

    Again you have all the power to refute that claim and yet you can’t. And that is very telling

    Hilarious! The same descriptive power (zero) as ‘God did it’. Are they related?

  6. Alan Fox,

    Read Darwin- read any textbook-

    “If it could be demonstrated that any complex organ existed, which could not possibly have been formed by numerous, successive, slight modifications, my theory would absolutely break down.” – Darwin

    He wants us to prove a negative whereas ID wants you to demonstrate a positive. ID has a positive case whereas evolutionism does not as evidenced by the total lack of response to Behe’s question

  7. Richardthughes:
    Classic ‘painted myself into a corner’ behavior. Joe makes things up, unsupported by fact.

    It’s why we all love to follow FrankenJoe on the web. You can’t get entertainment like this on TV!

  8. Adapa,

    He should apply for Casey Luskins job. He’ll never be an ID leader but… Actually attack gerbil is likely beyond him also.

  9. Frankie:
    Rich, I can’t even see your comments. It doesn’t matter anyway as you don’t have anything of substance to say.

    Having seen my comments he’s replying to say he can’t see my comments. Such an intellect. Fridges you’ve met your match!

  10. Where’s Patrick?

    Shouldn’t he be here advocating that we shut down comments in this thread?

    Perhaps this thread exactly the sort of thing Elizabeth likes to see here at TSZ.

    I’m confused.

  11. Some ID claims are falsifiable, but they are not directly testable nor is there a positive case for those claims unless we see the designer.

    That’s being straight with the way things are. Saying “ID is testable” and going into lengthy discussions like this is akin to Turbo Encabulator salesmanship.

    Level with people, be straight with them. That’s the better route. Don’t pretend you’re holding cards you don’t have, your bluff will be easily called in this game.

    PS
    Reminds me of the poker player who stood on 12 vs. the dealer 10 in a blackjack game. The dealer rightly mocked him, “this is Blackjack, it ain’t poker, bluffing does you no good.”

    PPS
    Standing 12 vs. dealer 10 is the right move in blackjack however if the dealer flashed a 6 for her hole card and there is sufficient high card density. There was one dealer who was flashing her cards to me half the night. I cleaned out her tray of chips before running out of there. 🙂

  12. stcordova: There was one dealer who was flashing her cards to me half the night. I cleaned out her tray of chips before running out of there.

    You’re dense Sal. That was her way of telling you she wanted a date. 🙂

  13. Alan Fox: I’m still interested in how we could test an ID hypothesis.

    Yes, well, I didn’t get what I wanted for Christmas either. Santa sucked this year.

  14. Alan Fox:
    Frankie,

    Explain an ID theory, what it predicts and how to test the prediction.

    I told you how to test ID. Read the OP. If you have a question ask it. If you want to play your game then please show us what evolutionism predicts and how to test it. That way when I tell you about ID you can’t just hand wave it away as you always do.

  15. Alan Fox:
    Mung,

    I’m still interested in how we could test an ID hypothesis.

    Read the OP. It contains an ID hypothesis and how to test it. OTOH your position still has nothing

  16. petrushka,

    Behe is on record as supporting experimental re-evolution of flagella. He obviously doesn’t think it will happen.

    That’s what he said during the Dover trial, but it’s not actually a test of any entailment of intelligent design creationism (of which there are none). Even if a flagella were observed to evolve under laboratory conditions, the fact that the IDCists refuse to place any limits on the capability of the Designer (pbuh) means that they could simply say “He inserted his (noodly?) appendage into the apparatus! It’s a miracle!”

  17. Patrick,

    Whatever Patrick. We said what will falsify ID. Don’t blame us because you can’t do it.

    OTOH to falsify evolutionism requires us to prove a negative. You guys can’t even get the falsification right

  18. Frankie:
    Patrick,

    Whatever Patrick. We said what will falsify ID. Don’t blame us because you can’t do it.

    OTOH to falsify evolutionism requires us to prove a negative. You guys can’t even get the falsification right

    “We… Us” I don’t think so..

  19. Patrick:
    petrushka,

    That’s what he said during the Dover trial, but it’s not actually a test of any entailment of intelligent design creationism (of which there are none).Even if a flagella were observed to evolve under laboratory conditions, the fact that the IDCists refuse to place any limits on the capability of the Designer (pbuh) means that they could simply say “He inserted his (noodly?) appendage into the apparatus! It’s a miracle!”

    Patrick, did you see the post in this thread with a link to a paper where they knocked a gene that expressed the flagellum, and the bacteria repurposed another gene to activate it back within a weekend?

  20. Patrick: That’s what he said during the Dover trial, but it’s not actually a test of any entailment of intelligent design creationism (of which there are none).

    Am I required to believe that someone who insists that intelligent design is creationism is posting in good faith, or is it sufficient that I just make a pretense of doing so?

  21. dazz: Patrick, did you see the post in this thread with a link to a paper where they knocked a gene that expressed the flagellum, and the bacteria repurposed another gene to [in order to] activate it back within a weekend?

    We’re all willing to acknowledge purpose and teleology in living things, right?

  22. Mung: We’re all willing to acknowledge purpose and teleology in living things, right?

    Nah, it’s just a way to speak. Don’t get all caught up in semantics Mung. You know what I meant and what that paper means for IC

  23. dazz: Nah, it’s just a way to speak. Don’t get all caught up in semantics Mung. You know what I meant and what that paper means for IC

    It’s an incredibly misleading way to speak if it’s not what you meant and if it does not accurately reflect the contents of the paper, and especially so if it conveys the exact opposite meaning to what was intended.

    Based on what you said I concluded that the paper had nothing at all to say that challenges IC.

  24. Mung: It’s an incredibly misleading way to speak if it’s not what you meant and if it does not accurately reflect the contents of the paper, and especially so if it conveys the exact opposite meaning to what was intended.

    Based on what you said I concluded that the paper had nothing at all to say that challenges IC.

    If you guys didn’t have that dumb fixation with testimony… maybe you could consider reading the paper so you can see for yourself what it’s all about instead of drawing conclusion from a 2 liner forum post.
    There’s also a video if you’re not into reading

  25. dazz: If you guys didn’t have that dumb fixation with testimony… maybe you could consider reading the paper so you can see for yourself what it’s all about instead of drawing conclusion from a 2 liner forum post.
    There’s also a video if you’re not into reading

    I read the paper and it has nothing to do with natural selection producing IC. IC is about all of the steps not just one.

  26. Frankie: I read the paper and it has nothing to do with natural selection producing IC. IC is about all of the steps not just one.

    No, all of Behe’s definitions of IC only mention systems and it’s parts.
    It’s enough to present one precursor that is missing at least one part. This experiment did that.

    Game over Frankie

  27. dazz: No, all of Behe’s definitions of IC only mention systems and it’s parts.
    It’s enough to present a precursor that is missing at least one part. This experiment did that.

    Wrong- “Darwin’s Black Box” makes it perfectly clear that IC pertains to the step-by-step mechanism needed to produce it. And Behe also makes it clear it is about multiple parts- his mousetrap had 5.

    Your ignorance betrays you

  28. IC was a response to:

    “If it could be demonstrated that any complex organ existed, which could not possibly have been formed by numerous, successive, slight modifications, my theory would absolutely break down.” – Darwin

    It has always been about the step-by-step process required to produce it

  29. Frankie:
    Patrick,

    Whatever Patrick. We said what will falsify ID. Don’t blame us because you can’t do it.

    OTOH to falsify evolutionism requires us to prove a negative. You guys can’t even get the falsification right

    Which negative?

  30. Frankie: Wrong- “Darwin’s Black Box” makes it perfectly clear that IC pertains to the step-by-step mechanism needed to produce it. And Behe also makes it clear it is about multiple parts- his mousetrap had 5.

    Your ignorance betrays you

    Citation?

  31. newton: Which negative?

    “If it could be demonstrated that any complex organ existed, which could not possibly have been formed by numerous, successive, slight modifications, my theory would absolutely break down.” – Darwin

    That negative

  32. Frankie: Darwin’s Black Box- Behe 1996

    Let me help you Frankie:

    By irreducibly complex I mean a single system composed of several well-matched, interacting parts that contribute to the basic function, wherein the removal of any [one] of the parts causes the system to effectively cease functioning. An irreducibly complex system cannot be produced directly (that is, by continuously improving the initial function, which continues to work by the same mechanism) by slight, successive modifications of a precursor system, because [any precursor to an irreducibly complex system that is missing a part] is by definition nonfunctional. An irreducibly complex biological system, if there is such a thing, would be a powerful challenge to Darwinian evolution. (p. 39)

    So there you have it. You’re the ignorant here and ID is dead
    QED

  33. Frankie:
    IC was a response to:

    It has always been about the step-by-step process required to produce it

    What Behe did was constrain the nature of the steps in such a way as to disallow many if not most evolutionary developments. He required that scaffolding not be allowed. He required that no aspect of any organism perform multiple functions at any one time. He required that no aspect of any organism ever be repurposed. He ended up requiring documented (to his satisfaction!) historical records of every mutation however tiny. When the AVIDA program made this sort of examination practical (as an excellent model), he disallowed that too.

    I think evolutionary biologists agree with Behe that, IF one disallows nearly every evolutionary pathway ever followed, THEN evolution is not possible.

  34. Flint: He required that no aspect of any organism ever be repurposed

    The more of a reason to consider this experiment a valid refutation of IC because an unrelated gene was repurposed to express the flagella back

  35. dazz,

    LoL! You omitted the main part and ignored it when you quoted it.

    First he quotes Darwin and his falsification. Then he asks:

    “What type of biological system could not be formed by “numerous, successive, slight modifications”?”

    It is all about the process and you even quoted part that says so.

  36. Flint,

    What Behe did was constrain the nature of the steps in such a way as to disallow many if not most evolutionary developments

    Nonsense

    He required that scaffolding not be allowed.

    Nope and you can’t even account for scaffolding.

    But I digress- you have nothing and imagination isn’t evidence. You can’t even answer Behe’s simple question:

    Let’s turn the tables and ask, how could one falsify the claim that, say, the bacterial flagellum was produced by Darwinian processes?

    If Behe never lived and ID didn’t exist, you still wouldn’t have anything.

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