Ubiquitin: a challenge for evolutionary theory?

Glancing at Uncommon Descent (I still do as Denyse O’Leary often reports on interesting science articles, as here*, and the odd comment thread can still provide entertainment), I see an OP authored by gpuccio (an Italian medical doctor) entitled The Ubiquitin System: Functional Complexity and Semiosis joined together, telling the story of the ubiquitin protein and its central role in eukaryote biochemistry in some considerable detail. The subtext is that ubiquitin’s role is so widespread and diverse and conserved across all (so far known) eukaryotes, that it defies an evolutionary explanation. This appears to be yet another god-of-the-gaps argument. Who can explain ubiquitin? Take that, evolutionists! I’m not familiar with the ubiquitin system and thank gpuccio for his article (though I did note some similarities to the Wikipedia entry.

In the discussion that follows, gpuccio and others note the lack of response from ID skeptics. Gpuccio remarks:

OK, our interlocutors, as usual, are nowhere to be seen, but at least I have some true friends!

and later:

And contributions from the other side? OK, let’s me count them… Zero?

Well, I can think of a few reasons why the comment thread lacks representatives from “the other side” (presumably those who are in general agreement with mainstream evolutionary biology). 

  1. In a sense, there’s little in gpuccio’s opening post to argue over. It’s a description of a biochemical system first elucidated in the late seventies and into the early eighties. The pioneering work was done by Aaron Ciechanover, Avram Hershko, Irwin Rose (later to win the Nobel prize for chemistry, credited with “the discovery of ubiquitin-mediated protein degradation”, all mainstream scientists.
  2. Gpuccio hints at the complexity of the system and the “semiotic” aspects. It seems like another god-of-the-gaps argument. Wow, look at the complexity! How could this possibly have evolved! Therefore ID!  What might get the attention of science is some theory or hypothesis that could be an alternative, testable explanation for the ubiquitin system. That is not to be found in gpuccio’s OP or subsequent comments.
  3. Uncommon Descent has an unenviable history on treatment of ID skeptics and their comments. Those who are still able to comment at UD risk the hard work involved in preparing a substantive comment being wasted as comments may never appear or are subsequently deleted and accounts arbitrarily closed.

I’m sure others can add to the list. So I’d like to suggest to gpuccio that he should bring his ideas here if he would like them challenged. If he likes, he can repost his article as an OP here. I guarantee that he (and any other UD regulars who’d like to join in) will be able to  participate here without fear of material being deleted or comment privileges being arbitrarily suspended.

Come on, gpuccio. What have you got to lose?

906 thoughts on “Ubiquitin: a challenge for evolutionary theory?

  1. RodW:

    Someone pass on to gpuccio that I cant post at UD. I’ve been banned. And I have no more email addresses that I can use to start a new account!

    keiths:

    Gpuccio,

    I know your little fingers are fastened tightly onto Mama Arrington’s skirt, but there comes a time when little boys need to become big boys and venture out into the world.

    The discussion can proceed freely here, but not at UD. Be brave and come here, where RodW isn’t censored. Mama Arrington will still be there at UD. You can always go running to her if TSZ becomes too scary for you.

    RodW

    Way to entice him over Keiths 😀

    Heh. Well, the enticements — a censorship-free discussion, and feedback from folks who can explain gpuccio’s errors to him — haven’t worked. Shaming sometimes works better with guys like Pooch.

  2. gpuccio@UD,

    Your “first level” is not so interesting. A God-of-the-gaps “argument” again, wholly unsubstantiated.

    I think you should stop for a moment and consider the issue a bit more carefully, because take a look back. Your claim is that the “complexity,” “functional information,” or whatever you want to call it, is beyond nature. That is clearly pointing to a “gap.” Pointing to something you cannot understand how it can be done naturally. Sorry, but that’s not just god-of-the-gaps, but even classic god-of-the-gaps. Let’s continue regardless.

    I can’t follow your reasoning.

    Yes, designers use energy to create patterns. And so?

    And so, they’re but an example, a tiny one, of the way “information” is produced. It doesn’t matter if you refer to a subset of information that you want to call “functional,” or any other, it’s still subject to the energy flows requirement, and, ultimately, of the way nature works. Design follows from the way nature works. Nothing could be designed if there was no entropy (which “ensures” energy flow), etc.

    The whole point is that non design systems cannot create complex functional patterns, whatever the available energy.

    I know that’s your point. I’m trying to get you to understand that your point seems correct only because you take a very narrow view of the process of design, and then fail to see the connections all around you in what nature does, and how it does it.

    Conscious understanding and purpose are necessary to “put that amount of information together”, as you say.

    Even the conscious understanding and purpose you’re talking about work because of the way nature works. Energy flows and all. There’s no escape to this point. You’re putting the cart-before-the-horse in more than one way:

    1. Instead of noticing that designers can do their designs only because of the way nature works, you think that what we do is above and beyond nature. Sorry, all those bits come from the energy flow that nature has provided.

    2. Instead of looking at design as the tiny single instance of nature’s way of working, you take it as an exception. Sorry. No exceptions. Without the physics, you’d be unable to put together any amount of information, even those 500 bits you’re so impressed about.

    3. Instead of noticing that the immensity of nature alone dwarfs anything humans have ever done, you pretend that we’re the giants. Sorry, but those 500 bits of information come from the calories that nature’s way of working allows you to use, and nature has much more of it to spare.

    Caonscious systems can do that. Non sconscious systems cannot do that, even if the necessary energy is available.

    That’s not what we see. We see a huge nature, with lots of life forms doing their stuff with no intervention by any designer. I haven’t seen a single life form that needs to consciously control its metabolism, or its ubiquitin-related processes. When I look closer, I see that these things happen on their own. I don’t see designers intervening. I see energy flow though. Lots of it. Not only that, energy flow seems rather fundamental.

    Because energy is not all that is needed. Functional information is needed, and that information derives from the subjective experiences of understanding meaning and having purpose.

    Again putting the cart before the horse. The “subjective experiences of understanding meaning and having purpose” are all dependent on the way nature works. neither of them is magic. So, saying that nature cannot do this, and using a product of nature to demonstrate so is kind of contradictory.

    The only pathetic thing here are your unsupported statements.

    I wasn’t trying to be insulting. It’s pathetic to put the cart before the horse because of the immensity of nature. I don’t think that you’re ridiculous.

    Either way, I supported my statements all right. You fail to understand my point(s): you say that nature cannot do things we can do. I look around and see such a huge nature, a nature that makes me feel very tiny and the whole of humanity as very fragile. Not only that. I see patterns emerging all the time: solar systems, stones ordered by size in the beach, meteorites melting a land and then the cooling ordering the minerals into “veins,” crystal growth, spiral galaxies, caves, lakes, rivers, then, yes, life itself. Well, sorry, but I don’t have the arrogance to think that what I do is beyond nature. More importantly because I notice our incontrovertible dependence on nature to do the things claimed to be beyond nature by people like you.

    a) This comment is, at this point, almost 5000 characters long. That makes a total complexity of about 20000 bits. That means,certainly, more than 500 bits of functional information.

    Sure. Point to the ones you were able to produce without any dependence on energy flow.

    b) No non conscious system has ever been observed to do that. Please, feel free to show counter-examples, if you can.

    I hope I did. I hope I was clear. Surely you will counteract with some claims that none of those things is functional information, but after declaring that functional information is about the probability of finding a rock to use as a hatch, you proceed to use the probability of a singular outcome as your definition for functional information. I guess if and only if it’s about some human-produced stuff, or some biological thing. the latter because, well, those are the ones you want to define away from the more generic understanding of information in physics. Guess what? Probability made the connection between information, statistical mechanics, entropy, and thus energy flow. The connection between information, whether you want to call it functional or not, and energy, is inevitable.

    I will not comment about ants and volcanoes, just to be kind.

    All this time I thought we were starting to have a decent and respectful conversation. 😩

    Entropy:

    I have seen your answers, thank you. That’s exactly what I mean by a “discussion”.

    I will complete my comments on your previous post, and then I will answer your answers.

    Let’s go on this way, until it is possible.

    Ok. Let’s.

    I think we can do even better, but I really had little time to spare today. Maybe instead of piece meal I should have tried to make a single point clear, but I hope this gives you an idea of where I’m coming from. We can discuss the stuff for better clarity later.

  3. gpuccio@UD,

    You can think as you like, but I am rather sure of the reason: those who defend neo-darwinism are completely dogmatic about it, and cannot accept the obvious failure of their theory. Unfortunately, the worldview implications overcome the scientific attitude.

    You should avoid making these kinds of statements. I know you get something similar from this side of the fence, but just remember: those with religious inclinations abound on your side. So in trying to denigrate people on “the other side,” you end up denigrating most of those who agree with you. Even if they don’t “get a clue.”

  4. keiths: Heh. Well, the enticements — a censorship-free discussion, and feedback from folks who can explain gpuccio’s errors to him — haven’t worked. Shaming sometimes works better with guys like Pooch.

    And if not, at least one can enjoy watching them fail over and over again to make any sort of competent claim for design.

    Glen Davidson

  5. Entropy: Nothing could be designed if there was no entropy

    I always knew you were the FSM. Who else would have a pirate’s parrot for an avatar?

  6. GlenDavidson: And if not, at least one can enjoy watching them fail over and over again to make any sort of competent claim for design.

    Glen Davidson

    What are you talking about? gpuccio has formulated his design hypothesis in very precise and eloquent terms. Check it out:

    We can define a system “a design system” if, given an initial state A (which can be designed or not designed, indifferently), the evolution of the system in time, starting form A and up to another state A1, includes one or more design processes.

    Conversely, we can define a system “a non design system” if, given an initial state A (which can be designed or not designed, indifferently), the evolution of the system in time, starting form A and up to another state A1, does not include any design process.

    LMFAO

    Defining Design

  7. gpuccio @ UD,

    Will anyone on the other side answer the following two simple questions?

    Sure.

    1) Is there any conceptual reason why we should believe that complex protein functions can be deconstructed into simpler, naturally selectable steps? That such a ladder exists, in general, or even in specific cases?

    Yes there is. This might work better by example. The specificity of lactate dehydrogenase is often measured by its catalyzing of the reaction when putting lactate as a substrate compared to malate as a substrate. This gives us a some-thousand-fold better catalysis of lactate’s oxydation/reduction than of malate with the help of this proteinaceous catalyst. In other words, the protein can catalyze both reactions, only it’s more efficient towards one than towards the other. (A single amino-acid change can reverse this specificity.) Not only that, different LDHs have different specificities towards the two substrates.

    Potential for cross reactions are so frequent that it is not uncommon to give the “wrong name” to an enzyme because it was put together with the “wrong” substrate. For example, a substrate that it never encounters in its environment. However, once the correct substrate is found, it looks rather obvious in the efficiency / specificity of the enzyme towards it, compared to the “wrong” substrate. Where does all of this lead? To the realization that enzyme activities are not as perfect as presented in kinder-garden biochemistry, that they range in potential towards substrates other than their “normal” ones, and that, thus, there’s such a thing as “ladders” of specificity available for enzyme evolution. Not only that, after understanding this issue, it seems rather obvious.

    The same is true about physical interactions. They are also measured. Why would they if they’re so specific and perfect according to kinder-garden biochemistry? Shouldn’t we just see a complex and be done? Well, no, the formation of the complex depends on the relative concentrations of the proteins in question, which depend on their relative affinities towards each other. Wait! Relative affinities? Yes. They have pseudo-affinities towards other proteins. So, here, again, we see that there’s an obvious “ladder” for protein-protein interactions to evolve, and thus to the evolution of protein complexes.

    I hope that gives you enough of a hint.

    2) Is there any evidence from facts that supports the hypothesis that complex protein functions can be deconstructed into simpler, naturally selectable steps? That such a ladder exists, in general, or even in specific cases?

    This is but a derivation of question number 1. So, see above.

  8. I guess I kind of agree with Gpuccio on the nature vs. intelligence idea. I mean, there isn’t anything that we can do that is utterly impossible for nature to do sans intelligence, but the likelihood of unintelligent nature doing any number of things is astonishingly against.

    Entropy: Either way, I supported my statements all right. You fail to understand my point(s): you say that nature cannot do things we can do.

    Well of course nature can do what we can do, since we’re a part of nature (duh? But creationists/IDists really don’t think so, in the main).

    I look around and see such a huge nature, a nature that makes me feel very tiny and the whole of humanity as very fragile. Not only that. I see patterns emerging all the time: solar systems, stones ordered by size in the beach, meteorites melting a land and then the cooling ordering the minerals into “veins,” crystal growth, spiral galaxies, caves, lakes, rivers, then, yes, life itself.

    Yes, life itself. No evidence that it’s beyond nature, while it appears very consistent with nature. But nature (on earth anyway) did take a great leap in what it could do after intelligence arose, and writing and all of that.

    Well, sorry, but I don’t have the arrogance to think that what I do is beyond nature.

    Much of it’s beyond unintelligent nature, except for very low probabilities, many of which wouldn’t mimic even once a number of things that we do during the life-supporting time of the universe. A computer chip isn’t going to arise from just unintelligent nature. If we find writing on Pluto (before we’ve put any there, of course) we can be pretty sure that it’s done by intelligence.

    a) This comment is, at this point, almost 5000 characters long. That makes a total complexity of about 20000 bits. That means,certainly, more than 500 bits of functional information.

    Sure. Point to the ones you were able to produce without any dependence on energy flow.

    Point to the ones that would arise without any dependence on intelligence (with any realistic chance, at least).

    The problem with Gpuccio is that he’s drunk the Kool-Aid, and thinks that functional complexity itself is evidence of design. He can’t make a case for any of his design claims, nor can he explain why evolution can’t produce life, including intelligent life, without any design. Nor how any designer ever works via evolution, an intelligence that is necessary to transcend evolutionary limits, indeed, while still being constrained by evolutionary limits. What has never once been observed is life in general being produced by intelligence and evolution (no, a little artificial selection doesn’t cut it), let alone anything that has the intelligence, longevity, and utter stupidity to produce what we see in life over billions of years.

    But of course intelligence can and does routinely produce what unintelligent nature never would in a limited universe. What it has never produced is life itself, nor anything much like it, particularly in its incapacity even to see any options outside of modified inheritance (and a bit of HGT). There’s nothing about life that indicates design, thus the only thing that Gpuccio and the rest of the “scientists” at UD can do is to take the obvious functionality of life and try to claim by analogy with the functionality of our products that it has to have been designed. They just have no evidence for that at all, while the evidence that life has all of the characteristics of having been honed by evolution, while basic starting “designs” have been decided by nothing other than blind inheritance, is very common indeed.

    Glen Davidson

  9. dazz: What are you talking about? gpuccio has formulated his design hypothesis in very precise and eloquent terms. Check it out:

    We can define a system “a design system” if, given an initial state A (which can be designed or not designed, indifferently), the evolution of the system in time, starting form A and up to another state A1, includes one or more design processes.

    Conversely, we can define a system “a non design system” if, given an initial state A (which can be designed or not designed, indifferently), the evolution of the system in time, starting form A and up to another state A1, does not include any design process.

    LMFAO

    https://uncommondescent.com/intelligent-design/defining-design/

    Whoa, now, a design system includes design processes, and a non-design system doesn’t?

    My God, the intellectual output of ID is mind-numbing, uh, blowing.

    Glen Davidson

  10. Some more hilarious stuff from that UD thread:

    gpuccio

    I think that ID, as a new and revolutionary scientific paradigm, is specially attracting to people like us, who in some way have an interdisciplinary attitude. Maybe it’s also easier for us to be less conditioned by academic dogmas.

    Another thing that, IMO, unites people like you and UB and Dionisio and me is a genuine enthusiasm for ID as a scientific enterprise. I believe that, whatever our personal worldviews, we feel no particular need to overlap our more general beliefs with our scientific approach to facts.

    Oh my, this is an endless source of entertainment

  11. GlenDavidson,

    Of course what we do is awesome, but it is still not that much of a big deal for nature. It takes very little of all the energy that nature has available to sustain our activities, even if by our relative stature it looks rather ginormous.

    GlenDavidson: Point to the ones that would arise without any dependence on intelligence (with any realistic chance, at least).

    We’re talking about the amount of bits, not about the particular form of the bits produced. Even then, intelligence also depends on energy flow. Thus, intelligence is but one of energy’s “pipes.” Intelligence is but one way in which nature can produce bits.

    Clearer on that point now? (I know I made quite a mess, sorry about that. I hope clarifications will be possible. I’d advice, though, to read carefully and allow the ideas to mature in your mind before complaining).

    Note: Edited quite a bit. 🙂

  12. GlenDavidson: Well of course nature can do what we can do, since we’re a part of nature (duh? But creationists/IDists really don’t think so, in the main).

    Nicely put!

  13. So if the designer of life is constrained by energy requirements and can’t poof energy out of nowhere then it can’t be the Creator of the universe, right? I guess given 6 days she can figure it all out

  14. colewd (Bill),

    Perhaps you’d be so kind to tell gpuccio that his two simple questions were answered?

    I should say though, that I think that trying to find questions that we might not have answers for doesn’t strike me as the most convincing way to promote the idea that ID is not a god-of-the-gaps argument.

    Also, I can find plenty of questions I have no answers for, and when confronted by them, I don’t feel any inclination to say “oh shit! I don’t know! must be god did it!” Maybe that’s just me, but what about we just agree that lack of knowledge just means lack of knowledge and nothing else?

  15. dazz:
    Some more hilarious stuff from that UD thread:
    Oh my, this is an endless source of entertainment

    Odd, the entertainment aspect ended for me four or five years ago. I stick around here because some really bright people post stuff I haven’t heard before.

  16. colewd: Gpuccio agrees with you here where I do not. I will address it again with Gpuccio. All you need for information jumps is to show change in species that adds information rich sequences.

    gpuccio indeed accepts common descent, but is rather indifferent to it. I am guessing that he only gets excited about finding the handiwork of the Designer.

    colewd: How you determine how information rich they are is based on translated amino acid counts and the required specificity to the AA sequence. If an AA sequence is preserved historically that is evidence of purifying selection. This along with the number of AA in the sequence tells us the information count in bits.

    The “preserved historically” part is the issue for you. We do not have access to the genomes of extinct organisms, so the only way to detect conserved sequences is by comparing the genomes of extant organisms and applying phylogenetic methods to it. If you want to have this piece of the cake, you need to accept common descent.

    colewd: Gpuccio is on very solid ground with his 500 bit limit as most everyone here would admit that a random process cannot perform this search. If you ask about selection the proper question is evidence of an interim sequence.

    Didn’t gpuccio demonstrate that “conserved functional information” (whatever that is) has been added into our lineage during the course of evolution? Is that not the evidence of interim sequences that you require? We are merely disputing the source of this information. Unless you reject gpuccio’s conclusions of course.

    colewd: The challenge with the ubiquitin system is that it controls cell division rates which is mission critical to multicellular life.

    Is that a fact? How come multicellular bacteria can do without it then?

  17. dazz: I always knew you were the FSM. Who else would have a pirate’s parrot for an avatar?

    Beer volcanoes and all of it.

  18. dazz:
    So if the designer of life is constrained by energy requirements and can’t poof energy out of nowhere then it can’t be the Creator of the universe, right? I guess given 6 days she can figure it all out

    Yep. Part of my point is to showcase the astounding cherry-picking and cart-before-the-horse involved in ID. They want to pick from humans, not even the ability to design, but, rather, what intelligent design looks like. Nothing else. They’d rather ignore what it takes to design, and what it takes for designers to just exist. They’d rather ignore that they’re claiming that the very designers they’re cherry-picking from, are part of what they’re trying to explain as being designed. They’re claiming that designers designed designers. If they just took an honest look they’d understand that they’re not really unbiased seekers of knowledge and truth (as much as some of them might actually believe so). They’re deluding themselves at best (deeply dishonest at worst), and arguing is circles. All of that makes it obvious that their arguments are irredeemably and profoundly influenced by their beliefs in magical beings, as Origenes was so kind to acknowledge.

  19. gpuccio@UD

    On the semiosis anthropomorphism.

    That’s the true aim of a good discussion: to refine and clarify the arguments, not to convince.

    Let’s go to the “problem” of anthropomorphism. You say:

    “You look at a system described in human terms (naturally, since it’s humans doing the describing)”

    And here we agree.

    Good!

    Of course, you will also agree that all science is about “looking at systems described in human terms”. All science is human, as far as I know.

    Surely, which makes it extra important to be aware of the potential for anthropomorphisms. We should be very careful, right?

    So, if we agree on that, let’s go on.

    Let’s!

    I don’t understand what metaphors and analogies you are talking of!

    I think this is more like you’re unaware that they’re metaphors and analogies. Either that, or you redefine semiosis to mean whatever you’re looking at. But, redefining a word meant to be about some human thing, like producing meaning, etc, to mean something you’re looking at in nature, would be a bit like cheating, like an equivocation fallacy. You wouldn’t do that now, would you?

    A semiotic system is a system which uses some form of symbolic code.

    Hum. I suspect you’re preparing to redefine …

    A symbolic code is a code where something represents something else by some arbitrary mapping.

    Really? I think that a symbolic code is more of an abstraction. An abstraction produced consciously. A representation. “Arbitrary mapping,” while trivially true, sounds a lot like you’re cherry-picking from symbolic codes to redefine life features into design by analogy (a.k.a. equivocation).

    The genetic code is a symbolic code, because the mapping from codons to AAs is arbitrary.

    We could go on and on discussing whether the genetic code is arbitrarily mapped, or not, but that would be useless to your aims and my point. If we went for arbitrary mapping” then there’s plenty of ways it would have worked evolutionarily/naturally speaking. Lots of options. Fewer “functional” bits than the code would “contain” if it wasn’t arbitrarily mapped. At the same time, nothing linking this “mapping” to consciousness other than calling it “semiosis,” and thus extrapolating from the analogy, rather than from the facts.

    The ubiquitin code is a symbolic code, because the mapping from different ubiquitin tags to different outcomes is arbitrary.

    I’d go much farther into the “arbitrariness” of the ubiquitin system and propose that the specific sequence of ubiquitin might be a “frozen” accident. The “arbitrary” mapping could have been to many other peptides to act as ubiquitins, it just happens to be that one. The more arbitrary the better. Fewer “functional” bits to talk about. Right?

    These are objective properties of the systems we are considering, not metaphors or analogies.

    The arbitrary mapping? Sure. Calling it “semiosis”? Nope.

    Yes, they are described in human terms. Like all science. But they are not metaphors or analogies.

    Of course they are metaphors and analogies. You demonstrate so when you take but one characteristic from semiosis/symbolic codes, and then proceed towards an equivocation to infer that conscious activity is involved.

    I think you need to seriously consider the potential for anthropomorphisms.

  20. Entropy: The “arbitrary” mapping could have been to many other peptides to act as ubiquitins, it just happens to be that one. The more arbitrary the better. Fewer “functional” bits to talk about. Right?

    They do that all the time. I remember in the fine tuning thread, the same guys that constantly argue that complexity points to design shamelessly affirmed the elegance and simplicity of the laws of physics is the hallmark of design.

    This curious ID syndrome makes them incapable of evaluating two claims at the same time for potential inconsistencies. But they don’t see the need cause deep inside they know they’re right. They must be!

  21. Corneel,

    The “preserved historically” part is the issue for you. We do not have access to the genomes of extinct organisms, so the only way to detect conserved sequences is by comparing the genomes of extant organisms and applying phylogenetic methods to it. If you want to have this piece of the cake, you need to accept common descent.

    Have you followed the argument at UD? You will see that there is no knock out punch here. Lets assume for argument sake that genomes are custom designed for species groups with very limited common descent (between fish for example). Also we assume that the blueprint for a specific protein function is the same across species. If the fossil record is true and species emerged at different times and we see proteins preserved (same AA sequence between species of different age) then gpuccio’s argument is supported without common descent. He makes the case that it is stronger with the common descent assumption and I agree with him.

    Didn’t gpuccio demonstrate that “conserved functional information” (whatever that is) has been added into our lineage during the course of evolution? Is that not the evidence of interim sequences that you require? We are merely disputing the source of this information. Unless you reject gpuccio’s conclusions of course.

    Only if the evidence pointed to transitions with very small information jumps say under 100 bits. The eukaryotic cell is north of 100k bits from it’s “ancestors” so we can’t even get the party started without design.

    Is that a fact? How come multicellular bacteria can do without it then?

    I am not sure they can but lets assume for argument that they can. The reason for variable cell rates is the requirement for rapid embryo development (including cellular differentiation) moving to stasis as the organism matures. This is important for sexual species with large cell counts. It is also critical for differentiation as different tissue has different regeneration requirements. I would be pretty confident with the hypothesis that the ubiquitin system had to be optimized and ready for the Cambrian explosion.

    You made good points. I will post at UD.

  22. petrushka: Odd, the entertainment aspect ended for me four or five years ago. I stick around here because some really bright people post stuff I haven’t heard before.

    I’m still amused by watching Gpuccio come up with a lot of lame “just so” claims about how the Designer is constrained by evolution, when pressed to explain the dumb kludges existing in life.

    Apparently a lot is known about the Designer. It’s capable beyond belief when it comes to dealing with extreme complexity when making first life and also for putting new information into life, yet it can’t think of how to move a great feature across separate lineages.

    We can see how avian testes beat mammals’ descent of the testes, but the Designer of Life can’t. Or if it can, it somehow can’t or won’t pick the better version even for humans, the telos of Design according to them.

    Glen Davidson

  23. Corneel:

    gpuccio @ UD But it is also true that, if CD were not true (just a mental hypothesis, beware!) then the only explanation for the homologies in proteins would be common design. That’s not what I believe, but it is a true and reasonable consideration.

    And there you go again. Why did you add that? Where did your unwavering defense of CD go? No, it is not a “true and reasonable consideration” because it lacks a plausible mechanism to generate the observed patterns, such as the consistency of the neutral substitution rate with time since divergence and of course the nested hierarchy.

    I’ve been reluctant to comment in this thread as I can see that gpuccio is trying to keep his argument focused and I don’t have sufficient knowledge of the ubiquitin system to make specific comments about it.

    But I do have a comment that bears on RM, NS and common descent in general. I would like to know in what way a finding that I linked to in a previous thread is explainable in terms of the consistency mentioned above?

    It concerns an interesting study:

    A team of Austrian researchers has found that Hebomoia glaucippe, known as the great orange tip butterfly, has a toxin in its wing tips that is identical to a toxin used by a predatory sea snail to kill prey. They write in their paper describing their finding, published in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences, that it appears the toxin in butterfly wings is used as a means of defense rather than as a weapon.

    How did the exact same 63 AA sequence come to appear in both species? Can the probability be estimated? I don’t know.

  24. CharlieM,

    How did the exact same 63 AA sequence come to appear in both species? Can the probability be estimated? I don’t know.

    Are the sequences identical?

  25. A system is semiotic if it uses a symbolic code.

    What’s symbolic about DNA?

    A symbolic code is a consistent and arbitrary mapping of one variable to another one, embedded in the specific and arbitrary configuration of the system.

    It’s that in part. But the symbolic nature certainly isn’t due to any of that. Hence the anthropomorphism that you constantly inveigle into the discussion.

    IOWs, if the variable A causes the effect B directly, according to known laws, it’s not a symbolic code.

    Oh, how indirect does it have to be?

    More importantly, being symbolic is a cognitive issue. It has nothing to do with being direct or indirect. Is a rubber stamp non-symbolic because all you have to do is ink it, then press it down on paper? Of course not.

    But if the variable A has no direct effect on B, but its values are mapped to specific values of B by an arbitrary configuration of the system, that is a symbolic code, and the system is semiotic.

    Really? How did it become a mental issue–symbolic–simply by being mapped arbitrarily?

    You really just throw out the stupid as you blither along, Poochy. There is no excuse for considering anything about DNA to be symbolic before it was cognized by humans.

    As you can see, there is no antropomorphism here.

    As anyone can see, you just anthropomorphically assume symbolism when you see data working according to a code. You seem unable even to imagine how it could be otherwise, you’re so stuck in your anthropomorphism.

    In the case of the genetic code, the mapping is provided by the 20 aatRNA synthetases, which determine the corespondence between codons and aminoacids. IOWs, the translation is embedded in the system.

    Basically, you assume that DNA is symbolic in God’s mind (yes, we know), and never imagine that a code might exist because, besides the ability of coded systems to store information compactly, sequential codes work very well for producing the sequences of proteins, among other things.

    Glen Davidson

  26. colewd: Only if the evidence pointed to transitions with very small information jumps say under 100 bits. The eukaryotic cell is north of 100k bits from it’s “ancestors” so we can’t even get the party started without design.

    So you’ve exhausted all other possibilities?

    And you’ve explained how the eukaryotic cell has been “started by design”? Or, alternatively, you have evidence of a designer whose processes you don’t understand yet empirically is shown to be able to make such things?

    Of course not, you’re just playing the same stupid fallacious game that you always have, pretend that design is a given if you’re ignorant of how it could occur otherwise. And, since you’re very ignorant, that leaves it all open to you.

    I’d like just once for you to pretend that you can write something even-handed. You learn nothing but bias from your favorite “experts,” however, and thus are pleased to reveal your deficient reasoning without pause.

    Glen Davidson

  27. How dumb:

    That’s what ID does. ID just acknowledges a very simple truth: that consciousness, and consciousness alone, can generate those specific configurations of matter that exhibit functional complexity.

    Evolutionary algorithms running on computers. Combining two things that belie Pooch’s mindless claims.

    Glen Davidson

  28. Hey gpuccio! Compadre!

    Let’s continue (hopefully you’ll also find my answer to your “two” simple questions. The ones you have been waiting for your whole life … or something to that effect). 🙂

    OK, let’s see what you wrote.

    I see that at last you take explicitly the “nature” argument with me. So I can give you an important answer.

    a) I usually don’t use the term “nature” and “naturalism” in my reasonings. Why? Because they are completely ambiguous.

    OK, agreed. I won’t use that word (yes, it can be ambiguous). You seem to prefer “non conscious systems.” I’ll find my way, because yours is kinda biased (understandably, since you want consciousness to be behind everything in reality, not just aware of it). Maybe I’ll settle to that, with reservations, for the sake of continuing this thing.

    “Your claim is that the “complexity,” “functional information,” or whatever you want to call it, is beyond nature.”

    False. I never used that word.

    But you understand the point, don’t you?

    I say that functional complexity is beyond the range of non conscious systems, of systems where there is no intervention of a conscious intelligent designer.

    Same thing. You think there’s a gap, therefore god-did-it.

    This is the whole point. I refer to consciousness, and to the subjective experiences of understanding meaning and having purpose, as the real explanations of how functional complexity is generated.

    I know you do. That’s because you cannot imagine how this could happen without conscious intervention. Gap, meet god-of-the-gaps.

    It’s rather simple.

    I agree. Rather simple. This should be so clear by now. Yet here we are, coming at it again, and again, as if this wasn’t clear enough.

    Now, are consciousness, and the subjective experiences of understanding meaning and having purpose, part of “nature”?

    For me, there are no doubts. Consciousness can be observed. By each of us, in our personal consciousness. The same place where we observe all the rest. The same is true for the subjective experiences mentioned above.

    Nice! Consciousness is part of nature. We’re advancing here!

    The problem is: can consciousness, and the attached experiences, be part of nature according to definition 3) ?

    Of course not.

    This is very misinformed. There’s tons of advances in the field of consciousness. What stops people from realizing that there’s at least some levels of scientific understanding is their mystification of consciousness. Nothing else.

    Because there is no scientific theory that can explain consciousness as the result of some configuration of matter. See Chalmers, the hard problem.

    Because it’s not some configuration of matter. It’s an activity. Activities are not just configurations. This activity depends on the dynamics between “configurations” of matter, their dynamics (the configurations are not static), energy flows, chemical reactions, etc. But, of course, it’s not just a configuration. Scientific understanding is not about explaining things in terms of configurations of matter. It’s about the whole of physics/chemistry/biology.

    That’s what ID does. ID just acknowledges a very simple truth: that consciousness, and consciousness alone, can generate those specific configurations of matter that exhibit functional complexity.

    Sorry, but that’s not an acknowledgement, that’s a claim. A gigantic claim based on scientific ignorance and religious inclinations that don’t allow you to see the fallacies involved in the construction of the claim.

    It’s simple and it’s true.

    It’s simple and it’s false. Scientists have understood for quite a while that information arises from the dynamics between energy flows and the nature of physical/chemical “entities.” As long as there’s tons of energy, and systems out of equilibrium, we’ll have information, quite complex, all over the place. Your problem seems to be a double mystification: one for consciousness, and another for information.

    I will stop here for a moment, maybe two or three. Because, if you don’t give me feedback about that, it’s useless to go on, at least for everything that directly relates to this issue.

    There you have it. I’ll answer the next one(s) you posted later.

  29. So, evolution can generate a few bits of complexity, but for loads of bits of complexity we need Intelligent Design?

    Anyone ask them yet if pennies add up into dollars or what?

  30. One question about gpuccio’s burden shift… err… I mean challenge:

    Aren’t all those transitions he claims involve large “information jumps” mostly developmental, with little (or no?) need for new “complex protein functions”?

  31. gpuccio@UD (disappointingly),

    Excuse me, you are making an example of a single one AA step which changes the specificity of the active site of lactate dehydrogenase, a 332 AAs protein.

    Excuse me! You’ve been complaining that this question has been in your mind, and in your blog, for eons, only to then ignore the answer? Really? You find a factoid and stop reading any further?

    The worse of it is that I just knew that if I mentioned that amino-acid change you’d stop reading and miss the point. Yet, I gave you the benefit of the doubt. I have a proposition though: you read the whole thing and try and get the point. Deal? That way I might get over the disappointment. Of course, if you’d rather not do that, then any time you mention that there’s no answers to your challenge, I’ll mention that you’re not interested in understanding the answers when provided.

    There you have it.

    ETA:
    P.S.

    My compliments! You are the first who tries to answer my challenge! That’s something, and I really appreciate it. 🙂

    You’d show your appreciation much better if you read the whole thing for comprehension, rather than being distracted by the factoid. Then you’d realize that there’s no challenge left to talk about.

  32. gpuccio@UD (link is to the first of several shorter comments),

    “I haven’t seen a single life form that needs to consciously control its metabolism, or its ubiquitin-related processes.”

    This is really silly. Nobody, of course, is suggesting that animals, or humans, consciously control their metabolism, or similar things.

    You claimed that ‘Conscious understanding and purpose are necessary to “put that amount of information together”‘ and that “Caonscious systems can do that. Non sconscious systems cannot do that, even if the necessary energy is available.”

    Thus my emphasis. I see non-conscious systems doing that all the time. You seem to forget that this happens in life forms all the time with no consciousness involved. They put those amounts of information together with no conscious activity involved. Most life reproduces with no conscious activity involved. All life forms duplicate their DNA, transcribe it, translate the RNA into proteins, etc., thus putting together quite a bit of information, with no conscious activity involved.

    Now, of course I understand what you think. You think that the first round, or rounds at strategic points in the evolution of life, come about by magical means. I mean, by the conscious activity of “God,” I mean, by the conscious activity of a god, I mean, by the conscious activity of The Intelligent Designer (shit I used capitals!), I mean, by the conscious activity of some unnamed intelligent designer(s). Maybe that after that it works on its own.

    However, that comes only to show that you prefer to ignore that we can see it happening all the time. Systems being put together with no conscious activity involved. You pretend that we should ignore that and instead imagine that at some point(s) that wasn’t/isn’t so. that it required/requires, conscious involvement. I really don’t see why I should ignore that it happens on its own, and that it never seems to go against what’s possible given the way the physical world works. From that, I can start working towards some further/actual understanding of how it works, and how it came to be, rather than imagine a conscious involvement that doesn’t show any time I take a peek.

    I am really surprised that you recur to such nonsense in our discussion.

    I hope the point became clearer now. (Yes, I knew you’d be perplexed. Got your attention, right?)

    Energy at TSZ:

    So you made that connection already! Good! We’re progressing. 🙂

    You seem a little obsessed by this point of energy flow. I really cannot understand why.

    Well, it’s implicit in my name! Now seriously, I have trouble translating the idea into humanly understandable terms, but the reason is that scientists, some of them, already understand a lot about information, probability, etc. That knowledge makes counting bits unimpressive.

    Of course we use energy flow. Everything which has some physical part uses energy flow. And so?

    And so, consciousness is not what’s required to put together some amount of information. Energy flow/Systems-out-of-equilibrium are (starting to develop a different way of explaining, please be patient).

    I use energy flow and can write functionally complex comments because I am conscious. IOWs, I consciously use energy flow.

    Without energy flow making your consciousness possible, you’d be unable to have any control over those other bits of energy flow. 🙂

    My coffee machine uses energy flow, like me. But it cannot write complex functional comments (at least, I have never caught it doing that).

    You should put a hidden camera. Make sure it doesn’t notice though. Kidding aside, of course not. I didn’t say that any energy flow transforms into writing. I said that energy flow transforms into information. Complexity is what happens when systems out of equilibrium move towards equilibrium. For as long as equilibrium isn’t reached, we have information. Yes, that includes “functional” information.

    Your point is non-existent (see how good I am becoming, I have not used “silly” or “ridicolous” 🙂 )

    The point exists, only it’s not that easy to grasp. As you said, you use these conversations to improve your arguments. Well, I might improve my explanations by trying to get this somewhat-not-directly-intuitive idea across.

    Energy at TSZ:

    “All this time I thought we were starting to have a decent and respectful conversation.”

    Just for a little bit of irony? Are you so sensitive? 🙂

    I was just irony-ing back. 🙂

  33. colewd: Also we assume that the blueprint for a specific protein function is the same across species.

    You can stop right here. Why would I accept this? Wouldn’t different species have different requirements? Maybe the differences are functional (I believe you have argued this yourself for cytochrome c).

    colewd: Only if the evidence pointed to transitions with very small information jumps say under 100 bits. The eukaryotic cell is north of 100k bits from it’s “ancestors” so we can’t even get the party started without design.

    What ancestors? You don’t have access to ancestral genomes remember? Therefore you have no evidence that all of this information was introduced at once. In fact, this is the claim that ID proponents are trying to establish with irreducible complexity: everything needs to be introduced at once or it won’t work. The interesting thing though is that you yourself have rejected that argument in your discussion with John about the evolution of flight and that you acknowledged that existing features could be co-opted in a new function. That conveniently allows for that information to be introduced piecemeal.

    colewd: I would be pretty confident with the hypothesis that the ubiquitin system had to be optimized and ready for the Cambrian explosion.

    So what is the use of the ubiquitin system to unicellular eukaryotes? Is there any?

  34. I’m just going to respond to one of Gpuccio’s comments now:

    Basically, you assume that DNA is symbolic in God’s mind (yes, we know), and never imagine that a code might exist because, besides the ability of coded systems to store information compactly, sequential codes work very well for producing the sequences of proteins, among other things.

    Please, read my comment #641. It answers all your “questions”.

    Oh, your assertions are “answers,” are they? ‘Fraid not. Try for evidence once if you can. You can’t, of course, as you haven’t the first bit of good evidence for design.

    This is the definition of “symbol” by Wikipedia, just to try one:

    “A symbol is a mark, sign, or word that indicates, signifies, or is understood as representing an idea, object, or relationship.”

    Therefore, a markw which indicates an object or a relationship is a symbol.

    Your logic is abysmal. You affirm the consequent. Because symbols may signify a relationship, therefore you pathetically think that because DNA has a relationship to transcripts and thus to proteins, etc., it must be a symbol. It’s an egregiously stupid way of “reasoning.” Just because a code can be symbolic doesn’t mean that every code is.

    Therefore, ubiquitin tags, which indicate an outcome, are symbols.

    Ridiculous. You don’t seem to know that just because symbols can have a certain relationship that doesn’t mean that anything with a similar relationship must be a symbol. You’re fallaciously arguing from the particular to the universal, and there’s no justification for your incompetent “logic.”

    God’s mind has nothing to do with it. Or any mind, for that.

    Yeah right. Just go on with your religious apologetics while denying that it is religious apologetics.

    Semiosis, as defined, is not a priori a mind thing. It is only empirically found in designed systems.

    The only thing you have to claim that is your abysmal logic of arguing from particulars to universals.

    Of course a code exists because it is functional. Stop stating trivialities.

    I have to state the trivial to someone like you who ignores it in order to make baseless claims. You ignore the fact that life simply needs to have something like a code in order to function, and that the function itself points to nothing like “design.”

    You’re claiming that it’s all semiosis and symbols, when the real issue is function, and for any honest evaluation, how it evolved. The point is that we have functionality, and you don’t get to just assert that it’s all “design” or use your fallacies to “argue” that it is.

    The problem is: how did it arise?

    Then deal with that in an honest fashion for once. Not with your fallacious “logic,” your endless bypassing of evidence to make baseless assertions.

    Glen Davidson

  35. Whoa, now, a design system includes design processes, and a non-design system doesn’t?

    My God, the intellectual output of ID is mind-numbing, uh, blowing.

    Really, what’s the problem with you guys?

    dazz is dazz. But you seem capable of human reasoning (see previous comment).

    So, why do you behave this way?

    dazz has quoted a definition of mine. A clear definition, very useful to clarify what I mean when I speak of a design system.

    Have you any doubts that it is a definition, and not an argument or an inference?

    OK, to make it easy even for you guys and for your refined skeptical mind, I quote again my statement with some obvious emphasis:

    We can define a system “a design system” if, given an initial state A (which can be designed or not designed, indifferently), the evolution of the system in time, starting form A and up to another state A1, includes one or more design processes.

    Conversely, we can define a system “a non design system” if, given an initial state A (which can be designed or not designed, indifferently), the evolution of the system in time, starting form A and up to another state A1, does not include any design process.

    So, what’s the matter? Have you guys problems with the concept of definition?

    Or have you problems with the concept of reasoning?

    These are exactly the things that completely degrade the discussion at TSZ. And I mean it, with all respect for you as a person.

    I don’t care how many times you write “define” or what emphasis you put on it. It’s a very tautologous “definition,” which ignores the issues of design. Presumably a “design system” is actually supposed to deal with design.

    The trouble is that we’re used to IDists glibly resorting to cheap definition and bad logic in order to make “points.” Like functional complexity supposedly indicating design (when it’s clear that it’s really an attempt to define life as designed), when of course much design is not functionally complex and is still perfectly evident as having been designed. Meaning that functional complexity is not any wonderful mark of design. Or claims that DNA is symbolic by illegitimately arguing from particulars to universals.

    You’re bypassing the issues of what design actually is with your “definition,” and it’s, well, rather trivial to come up with such a definition anyhow (I mean, who needs it?). I know what IDists do with those sorts of definitions, plug in the favorite ID assertion of what design is, and ignore the fact that identifying design is actually varied and complex (often easy to do, not so easy to say quite how it’s done across disparate phenomena), nothing like the simple ideas that IDists have for “identifying design.”

    Glen Davidson

  36. CharlieM: I’ve been reluctant to comment in this thread as I can see that gpuccio is trying to keep his argument focused

    Yes, he wants us to look at the red herring. Tough beans for him!

    CharlieM: How did the exact same 63 AA sequence come to appear in both species? Can the probability be estimated? I don’t know.

    I don’t know either. It seems that no genetic analysis has been performed, which might provide some clues (possible homologs etc). The toxin may perhaps also be obtained from the diet, like poison dart frogs do?

    So why did you mention this, given that you seem to be aware that this is an exceptional finding?

  37. gpuccio@UD

    b) If CD were not true (just a logical possibility), then neo-darwinism would be automatically falsified, while design explanations would still be possible.

    Alas, not true. Neo-darwinism is the theory of population change through natural selection put on more secure genetic footing than Darwin did. That doesn’t rely on common descent, I fear.

    If CD were not true, design explanations would still fail to make an ounce of sense.

  38. gpuccio:
    No system of the a) type can generate complex functional information.

    Systems of the b) type can do that very easily and in huge amounts

    The c) system shows huge amounts of functional information.

    From those premises, I state that the best explantion for c) is that c) is a system of type a).
    What has neo-darwinism to do with that?

    Nothing, of course. This is the positive argument for ID, and refuting darwinism has no role in it, as you can see.

    […]

    Noe-darwinism is a theory which pretends to be an explanation for c) as a system of type b).

    If that were true, it would of course falsify ID, and the reasoning I have presented above. (By the way, that shows clearly that ID theory is completely falsifiable, and therefore is a scientific theory in the Popper sense).

    Just keep regurgitating the same crap and pretend you’ve made a positive case for anything. Unbelievable.

    ETA: also, no. “Neo-Darwinism” doesn’t pretend to explain your pathetic CSI ripoff. Sorry to break it to you, but no one in the scientific community gives a flying fuck for your “work”. Go ahead and throw a hissy fit now about the establishment, censorship, conspiracy theories to keep your groundbreaking findings from getting the attention they deserve, blah, blah, blah

  39. GlenDavidson at TSZ:

    April 3, 2018 at 12:55 am

    Very reasonable post, thank you.

    Of course I agree with many of the things you say, while obviously disagreeing on the main basic conclusions. Which is how it should be.

    For the sake of discussion, I will try to explain the points that I disagree with.

    If you have read my comment #620 here in answer to Entropy, you know of my reservations about the ambiguous concept of nature, and you also know that, under a definition of nature that I find appropriate for scientific purposes, consciousness is certainly part of nature. Therefore, design is part of nature, too.

    Well, it seems that you think consciousness is something beyond natural causation, at least in its origins, hence it’s hard to see how you consider it part of nature, unless you’re just calling whatever we ordinarily see as “nature.” To be sure, I don’t care for the term “nature” at all, except as a term of convenience. Natural vs. artificial seems the most useful distinction, in my view, since I have no idea if, say, gods or ectoplasmic beings would be part of nature or not (certainly not without observing them).

    So, we must simply make a distinction between:

    a) Natural systems (in the sense defined) where there is no obvious intervention of consciousness

    b) Natural systems (in the sense defined) where there is some obvious intervention of consciousness

    I don’t know why. “Intelligence” is the term I used, and it seems to fit what I wanted to say. I rather think that dogs are conscious, but not too bright, hence I expect little in the way of design from them.

    and, I would say:

    c) Natural systems (in the sense defined) for which we are trying to assess the question (IOWs, the biological world).

    What would be a mark of consciousness? Vs. computers, say, or philosophical zombies?

    Now my point is very simple.

    No system of the a) type can generate complex functional information.

    Yes, we’ve heard that. Just not a justification for that.

    Systems of the b) type can do that very easily and in huge amounts

    Not if the consciousness is that of dogs, or of lesser intelligences than dogs.

    But fine (don’t want to try to make a lot of the caveat above) some conscious intelligences can produce information of that sort. We’ve not seen any that could or evidently would create life.

    The c) system shows huge amounts of functional information.

    From those premises, I state that the best explantion for c) is that c) is a system of type a).

    Trouble is, you’d have to justify your premises.

    What has neo-darwinism to do with that?

    It has to do with the fact that your premise a) isn’t sound, and that life exhibits very undesign-like characteristics. Why don’t any organisms use radio waves to communicate? Why do bats have wings adapted from mammalian forelimbs, rather than from bird or pterosaur wings? What designer begins to make wings with forelimbs rather than the wings available to intelligence? At least give the bats contour feathers, for aerodynamic purposes (there are some advantages to their wings for certain lifestyles, but again, why make it out of a mammalian hand in the first place?).

    Above all, the question is, why not mix and match function and need without regard to interbreeding of organisms? Certainly designers don’t stick with almost entirely modifying parts (I’m talking morphology) from older models.

    Nothing, of course. This is the positive argument for ID, and refuting darwinism has no role in it, as you can see.

    I know that when you use your premises that way that it’s formally a positive argument. The trouble is that the crucial premise a) is not sound, it has not been shown to be true by the evidence. Indeed, the evidence is contrary to it, since life is peculiarly lacking in aspects that one gets from observed designers.

    You say that it is an argument from analogy. You are right, it is. I have always said that.

    I don’t know where I said that. I’m sure I’ve said it, but I don’t use that as an argument against ID per se. I consider arguments from analogy proper in many cases. I don’t think they’re proper for “design” of life, however, because the analogy is poor, and as used by IDists there is much that is left out because those aspects are disanalogous.

    But what’s the problem?

    Good arguments from analogy are the foundation of all that we know, both in science and in philosophy.

    We live daily by the strongest argument from analogy of all: the inference that other humans are comnscious, like ourselves. Noboy seems to doubt that inference, just because it is an inference from analogy.

    Uh, yeah. Find anywhere that I’ve said otherwise.

    So, no sincere person aho wants to make sense should, IMO, doubt that biological objects are designed.

    Again, it’s as simple as that.

    And there’s the non sequitur. Life is very much unlike the things that we design, and evolution appears to be the primary reason for this.

    But then, what’s the fuss about falsifying neo-darwinism? Why do I write long OPs about that point?

    That’s rather simple, too.

    Noe-darwinism is a theory which pretends to be an explanation for c) as a system of type b).

    No, it is what explains the highly derivative nature of life, most often (and in many cases nearly entirely) vertically, that is, life is extremely derivative of its ancestors in many cases (HGT matters more for prokaryotes, yet even there the vertical signals remain strong).

    I realize that syncretism can put evolution and design together, but there’s no indication that there’s anything that really does design through evolutionary time (no, our domesticated organisms hardly count).

    If that were true, it would of course falsify ID, and the reasoning I have presented above.

    Be that as it may, there’s no justification for your reasoning with or without neo-darwinism, particularly for premise a).

    (By the way, that shows clearly that ID theory is completely falsifiable, and therefore is a scientific theory in the Popper sense).

    It would have to be legitimate first. You have to show that “No system of the a) type can generate complex functional information,” is actually true. If you’re using a false premise, there’s no falsification possible. And it’s at the least an unsound premise, as it has never had the evidence to demonstrate that it is so.

    But it is not true. Neo-darwinism is no explanation at all for c). Therefore ID is not falsified, and it remains the best exdplanation (indeed, the only available scientific explanation) for c).

    No, premise a) is unsound, at best. And your “designer” fails to transcend evolutionary limits in the ways that we have observed actual designers to routinely transcend. Why don’t we have avian testes instead of ones that develop in the ancestral position, then descend into the scrotum?

    That’s whay IDists, including myself, spend a lot of time in falsifying neo-darwinism.

    I suspect you do that in order to use, rather than question, your unsound premises, notably premise a). Consciously or not.

    Not that it is difficult: it is a really easy task. But neo-darwinists are obstinate believers, and there are so many of them! 🙂

    When you rely on an unquestioned and unsound premise, it’s easy. The trouble is, it’s not justified.

    Another point I would like to clarify: life is not the same thing as functional complexity.

    ID is about functional complexity, not about life.

    Yes, it tries to smear life and functional complexity into one category. Again, unsound. Life is rather unlike designed functional complexity in many ways, especially with respect to the ancestrally-derivative nature of life vs. actual designed items.

    c) is the system of things that are alive. And c) is also the system where we find functional complexity, but have no direct knwoledge of the possible designer or designer process, so we have to infer design from the designed objects alone.

    The trouble is, in science you don’t just get to make up causes for your effects. Such work very well in the abstract, indeed, but you have to match up putative design effects to actual design causes, not to some vague unobserved “designer” who can cause most any effect seen.

    But still, functional information does not explain life. Not with our present knowledge, however great it may be.

    Life, as you will certainly know, is even difficult to define satisfactorily.

    That’s right. That’s why it won’t do to just lump life together with every other bit of design. And you might ask why life isn’t like designed things.

    That’s why I never refer to life in my reasonings, but only to the functional complexity associated to life.

    Yes, you don’t make sound distinctions. That is typical for ID.

    Glen Davidson

  40. gpuccio@UD,

    What I wrote:

    If we went for arbitrary mapping” then there’s plenty of ways it would have worked evolutionarily/naturally speaking. Lots of options.

    What gpuccio answered:

    Your opinion. Bring the evidence.

    Bring the evidence that an arbitrary mapping means that there’s plenty of options for the mapping? Are you kidding me? That’s in the very definition of the word arbitrary gpuccio! Arbitrary means that there’s no reason why it would be A, rather than B or C. A, B and C would be equally likely options because it’s arbitrary.

    I’d go on, but you seem to have a talent to missing the point when confronted with more than one idea. Once you get that I’ll go for the rest. Please let me know if you’ve got it this time, then I’ll explain the other points you didn’t get (or maybe when you get this one the others will fall into place in your mind).

  41. I’m very disappointed at gpuccio. The guy seems quite willing to try and run sequence comparisons, find the word “bits” in the results, take sequences from different groups of organisms, assume that further similarity between sequences means added “functional” information, try and justify his assumptions in that and other respects, etc, etc, etc. Yet, he finds a parenthetical factoid, and imagines that was the whole point. Not the full three paragraphs written, no sir. A single sentence between parenthesis. Then he doesn’t know what the word arbitrary means, after he’s been using that very word to justify his “semiosis” anthropomorphisms. I wonder what he thinks the word means, and how would that definition help his case. It seemed clear to me, but, since he doesn’t really know what the word means, who can know what he actually had in mind all this time.

    I thought this would lead nowhere with gpuccio. That I was as likely to change his mind as to change the orbit of our planet. However, I didn’t expect the reason to be the usual creationist illiteracy.

  42. gpuccio:
    The chimp – humans problem is interesting, for me, specially for the amazing divergence between genotype (very similar) and phenotype (extremely different, especially where central nervous system functions are concerned).

    Wait a minute! No new complex protein functions in that transition? No “informational jumps”? That looks a lot like the kind of transitions that, according to your own criteria, should be perfectly feasible to achieve by RV+NS. I’m positive what follows is an acknowledgment and the pertinent retraction of your absurd claims…

    gpuccio:

    That is good evidence, for me, that we still don’t understand well where and how functional information, or part of it, is stored and transmitted.

    I think you agree with that.

    BWAHAHAHAHAHAHA!

  43. gpuccio seems to be about to close shop. He thanks the UD crowd for the “success” of his “private party.” No thanking Alan Fox, of course. That had nothing to do.

    Private party too? Then why beg for comments from “the other side” at all?

    Anyway, I can get a clue. I leave the guy to his private party. It’s not as if he will suddenly start reading for comprehension.

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