In the following video\u00a0Alexander Tsiaras calls the development of the human heart magnificent oragami as the heart forms with cells developing\u00a0 at a rate of one million per second.<\/p>\n
Conception to birth — visualized<\/a><\/p>\n It is generally believed that the heart acts as a pressure pump forcing an inert fluid through the lungs and through the bodily tissues and organs. There is evidence that this is not the case and that it is more accurate to view the heart as an organ which regulates the dynamic activity of the blood.<\/p>\n Here\u00a0<\/a> Walter Alexander reviews Branko Furst’s radiacal alternative:<\/p>\n … the possibility that the dominant paradigm is deeply flawed is what Branko Furst, MD, explores in The Heart and Circulation: An Integrative Model\u00a0in 2014 and in \u201cThe Heart: Pressure-Propulsion Pump or Organ of Impedance\u201d in the Journal of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Anesthesia in 2015. In these, he marshals the evidence against the standard propulsion pump model and presents an alternative that may open new avenues for understanding circulation and, ultimately, pharmacotherapy. As a vascular anesthesiologist in a tertiary care medical center, Dr. Furst holds hemodynamic monitoring and support of circulation at the core of his acute-care concerns.<\/p>\n To challenge the prevailing paradigm in any field is difficult, and in the case of heart function, with its notoriously complex dynamics, myriad of interrelated influencing factors, and vast diagnostic and therapeutic implications, it is a prodigious undertaking. Dr. Furst has provided more than 800 supporting references in his book and the journal article. It is far beyond the scope of this article to fairly represent the range of this content. However, we will attempt to review the basic argument and rationale for such a challenge and give the reader a\u00a0 compass for delving more deeply into the underlying research.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n In the article\u00a0THE HEART IS NOT A PUMP: Implicit in the notion of pressure propulsion in the cardiovascular system are the following four major concepts. <\/p><\/blockquote>\n The recent advances in non-invasive imaging allows the dynamics of the circulatory system to be studied in much more accurate detail than ever before. And it is beginning to be obvious that the current understanding of the heart as a mechanical pump is false.<\/p>\n Frank Chester<\/a> discovered\u00a0the chestahedron, 7 sided polyhedron<\/a> with surfaces of equal area. He discovered this by combining art and science. From studying this form he made many further discoveries including discoveries about its relationship with the human heart as demonstrated in this video<\/a>.<\/p>\n Craig Holdridge<\/a> gives a good description of the relationship between heart and blood:<\/p>\n We\u2019ve arrived at a picture of the intricate streaming, turning, looping blood flow through the heart that follows a different pattern in each of the four chambers. The coiling, looping heart fibers create contractions that mirror and facilitate this dynamic coursing of the blood. The heart muscle does not work, as we often imagine it does, opening and closing as we can do with our fist, first forming a fist (systole) and then relaxing the fist (diasole). Rather, the heartbeat (cardiac cycle) includes a much more complex array of movements. During systole the heart moves downward and oscillates slightly to the sides and also rotates around its own axis. During diastole it moves upward and rotates back in the opposite direction. Only the heart\u2019s interwoven spiraling muscle fibers can produce this kind of complex motion.<\/p>\n We see that blood flow, the form of the heart and the pattern of its fibers, and the heartbeat are intimately entwined. We can\u2019t think of one without the others. When we go back to the origin of the blood and the heart in embryonic development, it is no simple matter to say what came first (see Brettschneider\u2019s preface to Woernle\u2019s chapter in this book). Maybe it\u2019s also just our mechanical way of thinking that wants to see a clearly directional cause and effect relation between the heart and the blood instead of a more living relation of mutual dependency.<\/p>\n This mutuality shows itself during the embryonic development of the heart. Early in its development the heart begins to form loops that redirect blood flow. But before the heart has developed walls (septa) separating the four chambers from each other, the blood already flows in two distinct \u201ccurrents\u201d through the heart. The blood flowing through the right and left sides of the heart do not mix, but stream and loop by each other, just as two currents in a body of water. In the \u201cstill water zone\u201d between the two currents, the septum dividing the two chambers forms. Thus the movement of the blood gives the parameters for the inner differentiation of the heart, just as the looping heart redirects the flow of blood. Blood movement and heart differentiation belong together.<\/p><\/blockquote>\n In describing the heart as a machine we produce a conception of it which is far removed from reality. It needs to be understood in its true, dynamic, living nature.<\/p>\n <\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":" In the following video\u00a0Alexander Tsiaras calls the development of the human heart magnificent oragami as the heart forms with cells developing\u00a0 at a rate of one million per second. Conception to birth — visualized It is generally believed that the … Continue reading
\nA REFUTATION OF THE PRESSURE PROPULSION PREMISE OF HEART FUNCTION<\/a> Ralph Marinelli writes the following:<\/p>\n
\n(1) Blood is naturally inert and therefore must be forced to circulate.
\n(2) There is a random mix of the formed particles in the blood.
\n(3) The cells in the blood are under pressure at all times.
\n(4) The blood is amorphous and is forced to fill its vessels and thereby takes on their form.
\nHowever, there are observations that challenge these notions. It is seen that the blood has its own form, the vortex, which determines rather than conforms to the shape of the vascular lumen and circulates in the embryo with its own inherent biological momentum before the heart begins to function. Just as an inert vortex in nature pulses radially and longitudinally, we\u00a0tentatively assume that blood is also free to pulse and is not subject to the pulse-restricting pressure implied in the pressure propulsion concept. The blood is not propelled by pressure but by its own biological momenta boosted by the heart.<\/p>\n
![the chestahedron, 7 sided polyhedron<\/a> with surfaces of equal area. He discovered this by combining art and science. From studying this form he made many further discoveries including discoveries about its relationship with the human heart as demonstrated in](\"https:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Diminished_trapezohedron#\/media\/File:Chesahedron_transparent.png\"){kind=link}